Last updated: May 1, 2026
A common Indian enterprise misconception in 2026: “we run only IPv4.” You almost certainly do not. Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS all enable IPv6 by default; on any LAN segment with a router advertising IPv6, your hosts auto-configure global IPv6 addresses without anyone touching them. Your IPv4-only firewall and IPv4-only IDS now cover half your traffic, with IPv6 as a parallel path attackers love. This module brings you up to speed.
IPv6 addressing — the parts you must know
128-bit addresses, written as eight 16-bit hex groups: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334; abbreviated by zero-collapsing (2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334). Address types: Link-local (fe80::/10) — required, every IPv6-enabled interface has one, never routed off the link. Unique Local Address (ULA, fc00::/7) — IPv6’s answer to RFC 1918, routable within an organisation, not on the public internet. Global Unicast (2000::/3) — public, routable, attackers can reach it from the internet. Multicast (ff00::/8) replaces broadcast — IPv6 has no broadcast at all. The most important multicast addresses: ff02::1 (all nodes), ff02::2 (all routers), ff02::1:ffXX:XXXX (solicited-node, used for ND). Memorise these — they appear in every IPv6 capture.
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