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Last updated: April 29, 2026
Codecov, CircleCI, SolarWinds patterns in cloud. OIDC federation, least-priv deploy roles, pinned artifacts.
Cloud deployments run what your CI/CD builds. If your pipeline is compromised, your cloud is compromised — with full IAM of deployment roles. This is the cloud supply chain problem, and it has driven some of the largest public breaches.
Why this happens
Modern deployment: code → GitHub → GitHub Actions → container build → registry → Kubernetes/ECS/Lambda → production. Each link is trust-based. Compromise any one and the downstream trust carries attacker payload into production.
Specifically for cloud:
- CI system (GitHub Actions, CircleCI, GitLab CI) has deploy credentials for cloud
- Container registries store build artifacts used by cloud workloads
- IaC (Terraform, Pulumi, CloudFormation) applies with cloud admin roles
- Helm charts, OCI artifacts, configuration repos — all pipeline-delivered
A single compromised step injects into everything downstream.
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