Module 24 · Network Forensics — PCAP, NetFlow, Zeek

Manish Garg
Manish Garg Associate of (ISC)² · RingSafe
May 14, 2026
3 min read
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Why this module exists. Network forensics — PCAP analysis, NetFlow investigation, full-packet inspection — is what reconstructs attacker activity from network traces. This module covers the tools, techniques, and operational patterns.

The network-forensics evidence layers

Layer What it shows
Full PCAP Every byte of every packet
NetFlow / IPFIX / sFlow Conversation summaries (src, dst, bytes, duration)
Zeek / Bro logs Protocol-decoded conversation logs
DNS / Proxy logs Application-layer name resolution / web access
Firewall logs Connection accept / deny events

Each layer trades storage for fidelity. Mature programmes capture multiple layers.

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