Module 3 · Zero Trust Architecture — From Principle to Production

Manish Garg
Manish Garg Associate of (ISC)² · RingSafe
May 14, 2026
3 min read
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Why this module exists. Zero Trust Architecture is the dominant security architecture paradigm of the 2020s — “never trust, always verify” — but it is also one of the most-marketed and most-misunderstood terms. This module covers the principles, the operational implementation patterns, and where ZT is genuinely transformational vs where it is marketing varnish on existing controls.

Why this module exists. “We’re doing Zero Trust” is said by Indian enterprises that have simply renamed their VPN. This module covers the actual model — what ZT changes, the architectural building blocks, and the realistic 3-year journey to a meaningful implementation.

The principles — what ZT actually means

NIST SP 800-207 codifies Zero Trust around seven tenets, summarisable as:

  • No implicit trust based on network location.
  • Every access request is authenticated, authorised, and inspected.
  • Authorisation is dynamic — based on user, device, application, data, and contextual signals.
  • Least privilege per request, not per session.
  • All traffic is encrypted; identity is the new perimeter.
  • Continuous verification (re-evaluate during session, not just at start).
  • Comprehensive monitoring and analytics.
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