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Last updated: April 29, 2026
An IAM policy is a contract. Effect: Allow on Action: * is a blank-cheque clause. Resource: * with NotAction negation is a “everything except” clause.
An IAM policy is a contract. Effect: Allow on Action: * is a blank-cheque clause. Resource: * with NotAction negation is a “everything except” clause.
Attackers read policies as contracts. Find the over-broad clauses. Exploit.
The mindset: review IAM policies like legal contracts. What’s allowed? What’s explicitly denied? What’s implicitly allowed?
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