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Last updated: April 29, 2026
IoT pentesting often starts with firmware. Extract, analyse, find vulns offline.
IoT pentesting often starts with firmware. Extract, analyse, find vulns offline.
Workflow
# Identify firmware structure
binwalk firmware.bin
binwalk -e firmware.bin # extract everything
# If squashfs / cpio extracted
ls _firmware.bin.extracted/
# Look for /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /www/, hardcoded secrets
# Static analysis on binaries
ghidra (or radare2)
# Emulate
qemu-system-arm -kernel kernel.bin
firmadyne / firmware-analysis-toolkit # automation
What to find
- Hardcoded credentials
- Backdoor accounts
- Hardcoded encryption keys
- Web admin pages with auth bypass
- Update mechanism flaws
- Telnet/SSH enabled by default
🧠
Check your understanding
Module Quiz · 4 questions
Pass with 80%+ to mark this module complete. Unlimited retries. Each question shows an explanation.
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