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Why this module exists. Point-in-time audits — annual or biennial — give a snapshot of compliance posture; continuous control testing fills the months between. Modern GRC platforms automate evidence collection from cloud APIs, identity providers, ticketing systems. This module covers the architecture of continuous control testing and the controls best-suited to automation.
Why this module exists. Manual quarterly access reviews break the moment the security team is busy with anything else. Continuous control testing — automated evidence collection — solves this for the controls that can be automated. This module is the operational pattern.
Which controls automate well
| Control class | Automation |
|---|---|
| Configuration settings | High — cloud APIs, infrastructure-as-code scanners |
| Access lists | High — IAM API, identity provider API |
| Patch / vulnerability state | High — vulnerability scanner integration |
| Log retention | High — storage policy verification |
| Training completion | Medium — LMS API; depends on platform |
| Incident-response process | Low — process-driven, requires human interpretation |
| Governance / risk | Low — committee decisions, written rationale |
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